Creating Art with AI
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Artistic Creativity, Intentions, Artistic Value
Abstract
Computers appear to be working more autonomously than ever before to generate visual outputs, thanks to recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some humans have exhibited these products as artworks and given sole credit to these systems as the creators of them. Furthermore, human audiences who are unaware of the AI origins of the works have rated them higher than those produced by humans. Although these newer systems look creative in these cases, this impression is not enough to establish that the AIs are artistically creative. In this paper, I examine whether such AIs meet the conditions that would qualify them as creative agents and what the repercussions are of taking monist and pluralist conceptions of artistic value on the kind and share of credit that we grant an AI for its contribution to a work of visual art.References
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Press.
Christie’s. (2018): Is artificial intelligence set to become art’s next medium, Available at:
https://www.christies.com/features/A-collaboration-between-two-artists-one-human-
one-a-machine-9332-1.aspx
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CLOT Magazine. (2019): Editor’s Pick: ‘Bloemenveiling’ by Anna Ridler and David Pfau, Avilable at:
https://www.clotmag.com/news/insight-bloemenveiling-by-anna-ridler-and-david-pfau
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of Artificial Intelligence, «AM Journal of Art & Media Studies», vol 20, pp. 105-112.
Costello, D. (2017): On Photography: A Philosophical Enquiry, New York: Routledge
Du Sautoy, M. (2019): The Creativity Code: How AI is Learning to Write, Paint and Think, London: 4th
Estate.
Edmonds, E. (2018), Algorithmic Art Machines, «Arts», vol. 7, issue 3, pp. 1-7.
Elgammal, A. (2018): Meet AICAN, a machine that operates as an autonomous artist, Available at:
https://theconversation.com/meet-aican-a-machine-that-operates-as-an-autonomous artist-104381
Elgammal, A, et al. (2017): “CAN: Creative Adversarial Networks and Generating “Art” by
Learning About Styles and Deviating from Style Norms.” 1-22.
Fu, S. (2020): Artist and Machine: An Iterative Art Performance, «Proceedings of xCoAx2020», pp. 384-
388.
Garcia, C. (2016): Harold Cohen and AARON – A 40- Year Collaboration, Available at:
https://computerhistory.org/blog/harold-cohen-and-aaron-a-40-year-collaboration/
Gaut, B. (2018): “The Value of Creativity”, in: Creativity and Philosophy, ed. by
B. Gaut and M. Kieran, New York: Routledge, pp. 124-139.
— (2010): The Philosophy of Creativity, «Philosophy Compass», vol. 5, issue 12, pp. 1034-1046.
Iseminger, G. (2004): The Aesthetic Function of Art, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Jeon et al. (2019): From rituals to magic: Interactive art and HCI of the past, present, and future,
«International Journal of Human-Computer Studies», vol. 131, pp. 108-119.
Kelly, S. (2019): A philosopher argues that an AI can’t be an artist, Available at:
https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/02/21/239489/a-philosopher-argues-that-
an-ai-can-never-be-an-artist/
Kronfelder, M. (2009): Creativity Naturalized, «The Philosophical Quarterly», vol. 59, issue 237, pp.
577-592.
Livingston, P. (2005). Art and Intention: A Philosophical Study, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lopes, D. M. (2016): Four Arts of Photography: An Essay in Philosophy, Hoboken, New Jersey: John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.
— (2014): Beyond Art, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mateas, M. (2001): Expressive AI: A Hybrid Art and Science Practice, «Leonardo», vol. 34, issue 7, pp.
147-153.
Mazzone, M. and Elgammal, A. (2019): Art, Creativity, and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence, «Arts»,
vol. 8, issue 26, pp. 1-9.
Maynard, P. (2000): The Engine of Visualization: Thinking Through Photography, Ithaca, New York;
London: Cornell University Press.
McCormack, J, et al. (2014): Ten Questions Concerning Generative Computer Art, «Leonardo», vol. 47,
issue 2, pp. 135-141.
Nake, F. (2014): Algorithmic Art, «Leonardo», vol. 47, issue 2, p. 108.
Notaro, A. (2020): State of the Art: A.I. through the (artificial) artist’s eye, «Proceedings of EVA London
2020», pp. 322-328.
Phillips, D. (2009): Fixing the Image: Rethinking the ‘Mind-Independence’ of
Photographs, «Postgraduate Journal of Aesthetics», vol. 6, pp. 1-22.
Pranam, A. (2019): Putting The Art IN Artificial Intelligence: A Conversation With Sougwen Chung.
Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/aswinpranam/2019/12/12/putting-the-art-
in-artificial-intelligence-a-conversation-with-sougwen-chung/
Ridler, A. (2019): Bloemenveiling, Available at: http://annaridler.com/bloemenveiling
Ridler, A. and Pfau, D. (2019): Bloemenveiling, Available at: https://bloemenveiling.bid/
Stecker, R. (2019): Intersections of Value: Art, Nature, and the Everyday, Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Zangwill, N. (2007): Aesthetic Creation, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Published
2022-08-24
Section
Monographica
